[TOMT][WORD] Word / phrase for theory similar to "tragedy of the commons." tipofmytongue

I know I remember there being a theory / word / phrase to describe this, but I can't remember. I will just describe the basic scenario and hopefully someone knows what I am thinking of:

At work we need a new refrigerator that will be communally used. People have been asked to chip in money for it, however chipping in is not mandatory and everyone will have access to the fridge whether or not they toss some money in.

So what I am looking for is the word / phrase that describes how an individual benefits by behaving selfishly as he/she will get the reward even without contributing.

Thank you!

Submitted January 28, 2015 at 03:26AM by ADogNamedSpot http://ift.tt/1z7YcGv tipofmytongue